S03E148: Annular Eclipse 2024, Starliner Calypso's Return, and China's Space Plane Secrets

0:00 Speaker 1: Welcome to Astronomy Daily, where we bring you the latest

0:03 Speaker 1: and most exciting updates from the cosmos. I'm your host, Anna,

0:07 Speaker 1: and I'm thrilled to be your guide on this journey

0:09 Speaker 1: through space. In today's episode, we're diving deep into the

0:12 Speaker 1: celestial wonders and groundbreaking achievements that keep our eyes fixed

0:16 Speaker 1: on the stars. We'll start off with the highly anticipated

0:19 Speaker 1: annular solar eclipse, set to occur on October two, twenty

0:23 Speaker 1: twenty four, and explore the best spots to catch a

0:25 Speaker 1: glimpse of this stunning event. Next, we'll take a closer

0:29 Speaker 1: look at Boeing Starliner Calypso's recent undocking from the International

0:33 Speaker 1: Space Station and discuss the upcoming crew changes. We'll also

0:36 Speaker 1: unravel the mystery behind China's space plane, which has just

0:39 Speaker 1: returned from an impressive two hundred and sixty eight day mission.

0:43 Speaker 1: But that's not all. We'll delve into humanity's enduring fascination

0:47 Speaker 1: with aliens, tracing their impact on our culture and imagination

0:50 Speaker 1: from ancient times to the present. Finally, we'll talk about

0:53 Speaker 1: NASA's upcoming Roman Space Telescope and how it promises to

0:57 Speaker 1: revolutionize our understanding of galactic formation and dark matter. So

1:01 Speaker 1: sit back, relax, and let's embark on this celestial voyage together.

1:05 Speaker 1: On Astronomy Daily. One of the most exciting upcoming astronomical

1:09 Speaker 1: events is the annular solar eclipse on October two, twenty

1:13 Speaker 1: twenty four. This event promises to be a spectacular site

1:16 Speaker 1: for those fortunate enough to be in the right place

1:18 Speaker 1: at the right time, now for those who might be

1:21 Speaker 1: unfamiliar and annular eclipse occurs when the Moon is too

1:23 Speaker 1: far from the Earth to completely cover the Sun. This

1:26 Speaker 1: results in a breathtaking ring of fire effect, where the

1:30 Speaker 1: edges of the Sun remain visible as a luminous ring

1:32 Speaker 1: around the Moon's silhouette. Think of it as a celestial

1:35 Speaker 1: penny on top of a nickel. The last time we

1:37 Speaker 1: experienced such an eclipse was on October fourteenth, twenty twenty three,

1:42 Speaker 1: when it graced the skies over parts of the western

1:45 Speaker 1: and southern United States, the Yucatan Peninsula, Central America, and

1:49 Speaker 1: parts of South America. Millions were thrilled by the sight

1:53 Speaker 1: of the blazing ring of sunlight. However, if you thought

1:56 Speaker 1: last year's event was stunning, this year's eclipse presents an

1:59 Speaker 1: entirely different challenge and opportunity. Why you ask well. The

2:04 Speaker 1: path of this annular eclipse will mostly traverse open ocean waters,

2:08 Speaker 1: making landfall in only a few select locations. Approximately ninety

2:12 Speaker 1: five percent of the eclipses path will be over the

2:14 Speaker 1: vast expanses of the Pacific. This will make accessing the

2:17 Speaker 1: prime viewing spots more challenging compared to last year's easily

2:21 Speaker 1: accessible locations. The eclipse will begin over a remote area

2:25 Speaker 1: in the Central Pacific, roughly one thousand miles southwest of Honolulu.

2:29 Speaker 1: From there, it will move eastward and southeastward across the

2:32 Speaker 1: South Pacific. The path skirts just north of Kurebody, then

2:36 Speaker 1: continues northeast of French Polynesia and the Pitcairn Islands. The

2:39 Speaker 1: point of greatest eclipse, where the annular phase will last

2:42 Speaker 1: in impressive seven minutes and twenty four seconds, occurs over

2:46 Speaker 1: the open ocean, with the eclipse path approximately one sixty

2:49 Speaker 1: five miles wide. Yet there's a silver lining for eclipse enthusiasts.

2:54 Speaker 1: One of the most fascinating and remote locations to witness

2:56 Speaker 1: this event is the legendary Easter Island, also known as

3:00 Speaker 1: Rapa Nui. This UNESCO World Heritage Site famous for its

3:04 Speaker 1: enigmatic Moi statues carved from volcanic rock, lies almost directly

3:08 Speaker 1: in the path of the eclipse. If the weather permits,

3:11 Speaker 1: both the island's residence and visiting tourists will be treated

3:14 Speaker 1: to a remarkable display. Easter Island isn't just an archaeological wonder.

3:19 Speaker 1: It offers a unique vantage point for the eclipse. As

3:22 Speaker 1: the moon begins its journey across the Sun's disk at

3:25 Speaker 1: eleven twenty three am Local time, by one oh four pm,

3:28 Speaker 1: an off centered solar ring will emerge, lasting for about

3:31 Speaker 1: six minutes and five seconds. Following the peak, the moon

3:34 Speaker 1: will continue to move away, concluding its celestial dance at

3:37 Speaker 1: two fifty two PM. While an annular eclipse is undoubtedly

3:41 Speaker 1: an extraordinary sight, it's crucial to remember that it differs

3:44 Speaker 1: significantly from a total eclipse. During a total eclipse, the

3:48 Speaker 1: sky darkens dramatically, resembling twilight, and the Sun's corona becomes visible,

3:52 Speaker 1: offering a truly awe inspiring view. However, during an annular eclipse,

3:56 Speaker 1: the sky only dims slightly, and the bright ring of

3:59 Speaker 1: sunlight still makes direct viewing dangerous to the naked eye. Therefore,

4:03 Speaker 1: proper eye protection is essential throughout the event. The eclipse

4:06 Speaker 1: will also be partially visible at sunrise from the Hawaiian

4:09 Speaker 1: Islands and in the afternoon across southern South America. In Honolulu,

4:14 Speaker 1: for instance, the eclipse will reach its maximum phase at

4:16 Speaker 1: six forty five am local time, with fifty eight point

4:20 Speaker 1: six percent of the Sun's disc covered by the moon.

4:23 Speaker 1: Looking ahead, there's more celestial excitement on the horizon. On

4:26 Speaker 1: March twenty ninth, twenty twenty five, a partial solar eclipse

4:30 Speaker 1: will be visible across much of Europe, Northwest Africa, Greenland, Iceland,

4:35 Speaker 1: and parts of Atlantic Canada and New England. And mark

4:38 Speaker 1: your calendars for August twelfth, twenty twenty six, when the

4:42 Speaker 1: next total eclipse will sweep through eastern Greenland, western Iceland

4:46 Speaker 1: and northern Spain. For those of you planning to view

4:49 Speaker 1: the eclipse this October, whether from mainland South America or

4:53 Speaker 1: the mystical Easter Island, be sure to secure your protective

4:56 Speaker 1: eyewear and prepare for one of nature's most mesmerizing displays. Now,

5:00 Speaker 1: let's take a look at today's major event. The Boeing

5:03 Speaker 1: starliner Calypso has returned to Earth after its highly anticipated

5:07 Speaker 1: undocking from the International Space Station. This event marks a

5:11 Speaker 1: significant milestone in modern space exploration. Originally launched to the

5:15 Speaker 1: ISS on June fifth with two veteran astronauts Butch Wilmore

5:19 Speaker 1: and Sunny Williams, Calypso is now set to complete its

5:22 Speaker 1: mission back on Earth while Wilmore and Williams remain on

5:26 Speaker 1: the ISS for an additional six months. The autonomous undocking

5:29 Speaker 1: went smoothly at six oh four pm EDT on September sixth,

5:33 Speaker 1: right on schedule. Landing was slated for later that evening

5:36 Speaker 1: at White Sands in New Mexico, a familiar site for

5:39 Speaker 1: the Starliner's previous uncrude landings. White Sands Missile Range, known

5:43 Speaker 1: for its remarkable gypsum sand dunes, serves as one of

5:46 Speaker 1: the primary landing spots for the Starliner, alongside other options

5:50 Speaker 1: like Dugway Proving Ground in Utah and Wilcox Plane in Arizona.

5:54 Speaker 1: There's even a contingency site at Edward's Air Force Base

5:56 Speaker 1: in California. For this mission, the White Sands Harbor was

6:01 Speaker 1: the designated landing site, a location historical for hosting the

6:04 Speaker 1: landing of Space Shuttle Columbia in nineteen eighty two. Starliner

6:08 Speaker 1: Calypso has landed here before, notably following the orbital flight

6:12 Speaker 1: test mission in December twenty nineteen and the second uncrewed

6:16 Speaker 1: off two mission in May twenty twenty two. However, the

6:19 Speaker 1: landscape of the mission this time was different in a

6:21 Speaker 1: major way. It was uncrewed during this return. This landmark

6:26 Speaker 1: event has set the stage for what lies ahead in

6:28 Speaker 1: the tapestry of space missions. Just a week before undocking,

6:31 Speaker 1: on August twenty ninth, NASA completed part two of its

6:35 Speaker 1: readiness review, giving the green light for Calypso's uncrewed undocking

6:39 Speaker 1: from the MISS seven data loads were updated and the

6:42 Speaker 1: CFT software had shown excellent results during testing. Final checks

6:46 Speaker 1: wrapped up on September fifth with a readiness poll, and

6:49 Speaker 1: by one thirty pm EDT, the hatch was closed by

6:52 Speaker 1: Wilmore and Williams. Weather conditions were favorable, with winds clocked

6:56 Speaker 1: at seven to ten knots, a crucial element for ensuring

6:59 Speaker 1: a safe landing if the weather had not cooperated. Backup

7:03 Speaker 1: dates were lined up for the undocking on a four

7:05 Speaker 1: day cadence through September. The undocking started by releasing Calypso

7:09 Speaker 1: from the forward docking port on the ISS's harmony module.

7:13 Speaker 1: Unique to this procedure, a breakout burn using twelve thruster

7:16 Speaker 1: firings quickly pushed the spacecraft away from the ISS. This

7:20 Speaker 1: maneuver took about ninety seconds, helping to minimize stress on

7:23 Speaker 1: the thrusters. Once free of the station, additional tests on

7:27 Speaker 1: Calypso's thrusters were carried out to collect valuable data for

7:30 Speaker 1: NASA and Boeing aimed at solving the propulsion issues that

7:34 Speaker 1: have shadowed previous crude returns. Calypso's deorbit burn was conducted

7:38 Speaker 1: over the Pacific Ocean at eleven seventeen pm EDT on

7:41 Speaker 1: September sixth, setting it on a trajectory for White Sands.

7:45 Speaker 1: Communication blackout occurred due to ionized air around the spacecraft

7:49 Speaker 1: during re entry. Calypso flew over Baja California and Western

7:53 Speaker 1: Mexico before making its final approach to New Mexico. Upon

7:57 Speaker 1: nearing White Sands, the spacecraft jettisoned its forward heat shield

8:00 Speaker 1: and parachutes deployed in succession. Air bags inflated at about

8:03 Speaker 1: one kilometer above the ground, ensuring a soft nighttime touchdown.

8:07 Speaker 1: Following touchdown, the cargo was unloaded and preparations began to

8:11 Speaker 1: safely transport the spacecraft back to Boeing for future missions. Meanwhile,

8:16 Speaker 1: NASA and Boeing scientists scrutinized telemetry data to further understand

8:19 Speaker 1: the spacecraft's performance and refine future missions. The space community's

8:23 Speaker 1: eyes now turn to upcoming crew changes. Soyu's MS twenty

8:27 Speaker 1: six will launch on September eleventh, bringing a fresh team

8:30 Speaker 1: to the ISS and prompting a crew handover. This prompts

8:33 Speaker 1: the return of Soyu's MS twenty five on September twenty fourth. Additionally,

8:37 Speaker 1: the revised Crew nine mission using Crew Dragon Freedom will begin,

8:41 Speaker 1: adding yet another layer to the complex staffing of the ISS.

8:45 Speaker 1: The future looks bright for the Starliner, which is anticipated

8:48 Speaker 1: to take on its first operational mission, star Liner one,

8:51 Speaker 1: in February twenty twenty five. There are still some hurdles

8:54 Speaker 1: to clear, particularly with the spacecraft's propulsion system, but the

8:58 Speaker 1: ambition remains clear to continue pushing the frontiers of what's

9:02 Speaker 1: possible in space travel. In other notable space news today,

9:06 Speaker 1: China's mysterious space plane has captured global attention once again,

9:10 Speaker 1: having just completed an impressive two hundred and sixty eight

9:12 Speaker 1: day mission in orbit. This reusable spacecraft touched down at

9:16 Speaker 1: the Juquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China on September sixth,

9:20 Speaker 1: marking yet another significant milestone in the realm of space exploration.

9:25 Speaker 1: Launched on December fourteenth, twenty twenty three, atop a long

9:28 Speaker 1: March two F rocket, this was the space plane's third mission,

9:32 Speaker 1: yet much about its capabilities and objectives remained shrouded in secrecy.

9:37 Speaker 1: According to Chinese state media outlet Xinhua, the mission was

9:40 Speaker 1: a stepping stone towards developing more convenient and affordable round

9:44 Speaker 1: trip methods for peaceful space utilization in the future. During

9:48 Speaker 1: its extended sojourn in orbit, the space plane reportedly performed

9:52 Speaker 1: various rendezvous and proximity operations, even releasing a small object

9:56 Speaker 1: into orbit, activities that could either serve satellite maintenance or

10:00 Speaker 1: pose potential implications for future orbital defense strategies. Astronomer Jonathan

10:05 Speaker 1: McDowell noted that this object was likely a sub satellite

10:08 Speaker 1: deployment or a piece of hardware ejected before mission end,

10:13 Speaker 1: paralleling the spacecraft's first flight. As enigmatic as its purposes

10:17 Speaker 1: may be, the space plane's prolonged mission hasn't gone unnoticed.

10:21 Speaker 1: Its return only two days before the US Space Force's

10:24 Speaker 1: own reusable vehicle, the X thirty seven B, launched, adds

10:28 Speaker 1: another layer to the intrigue. The X thirty seven B,

10:31 Speaker 1: like its Chinese counterpart, holds its mission details close to

10:35 Speaker 1: the chest, though it's known to be an experimental platform

10:38 Speaker 1: for new technologies. This endeavor underscores China's commitment to its

10:43 Speaker 1: space ambitions, positioning itself alongside other spacefaring nations like the

10:47 Speaker 1: US and India, which is also working on a reusable

10:50 Speaker 1: orbital vehicle named Pushpack. As these countries push the boundaries

10:54 Speaker 1: of space travel, the technological advances and strategic capabilities they

10:59 Speaker 1: achieve and fundamentally alter the future of missions, both civilian

11:03 Speaker 1: and military, paving the way for an era where the

11:06 Speaker 1: cost and complexity of space missions are considerably reduced. When

11:11 Speaker 1: we hear the word aliens, various images might pop into

11:14 Speaker 1: our heads, little green beings with big eyes, flying saucers,

11:17 Speaker 1: or perhaps epic battles in space. But this fascination with

11:21 Speaker 1: extraterrestrial life isn't just a modern phenomenon. It stretches back

11:25 Speaker 1: thousands of years and has evolved profoundly over time. Interestingly,

11:29 Speaker 1: the roots of this cosmic curiosity can be traced back

11:32 Speaker 1: to ancient civilizations. The Greek philosopher Epicurus and the Roman

11:36 Speaker 1: poet Lucretius both speculated about other worlds. Lucian of Samosada,

11:41 Speaker 1: writing in the second century CE, took this a step

11:44 Speaker 1: further with a true story, a satire about inhabitants of

11:48 Speaker 1: the Sun and Moon fighting over Venus's colonization. Even the

11:51 Speaker 1: Catholic Church during the Middle Ages entertained the idea of

11:55 Speaker 1: extraterrestrial life, viewing it as another testament to God's omnipotence.

12:00 Speaker 1: Fast forward to sixteen eighty six, when French author Bernard

12:03 Speaker 1: le Bouvier de Fontenelle's Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds

12:07 Speaker 1: captivated audiences, contemplating the existence of other solar systems and

12:12 Speaker 1: the potential for other worlds teeming with life. This work

12:16 Speaker 1: ushered in a new era of scientific inquiry and imagination

12:19 Speaker 1: about the cosmos. By the eighteenth century, belief in extraterrestrial

12:23 Speaker 1: life became almost mainstream among the educated. This intellectual curiosity

12:27 Speaker 1: peaked with HG. Well's War of the Worlds in eighteen

12:30 Speaker 1: ninety seven, a novel that essentially mirrored the anxieties and

12:33 Speaker 1: fears of the British colonial era. The idea that martians

12:37 Speaker 1: could invade Earth tapped into existential concerns and entertained readers simultaneously.

12:42 Speaker 1: In the twentieth century, advancements in astronomy and space exploration

12:46 Speaker 1: rejuvenated interest in extraterrestrial life. From the Space Race to

12:50 Speaker 1: iconic movies like Close Encounters of the Third Kind and

12:53 Speaker 1: Invasion of the Body Snatchers, the topic of aliens became

12:57 Speaker 1: a fixture in popular culture. Who can forget the sensation

13:00 Speaker 1: caused by orson Well's nineteen thirty eight radio broadcast of

13:04 Speaker 1: War of the Worlds, which supposedly incited panic among listeners

13:07 Speaker 1: who believed they were hearing real news of an extraterrestrial invasion. Today,

13:13 Speaker 1: the fascination has mounted exponentially with each scientific discovery and

13:16 Speaker 1: technological advancement. Films like Alien Star Trek two thousand and one,

13:21 Speaker 1: A Space Odyssey, and TV shows such as The X

13:24 Speaker 1: Files continue to capture our imagination. But beyond the silver screen,

13:29 Speaker 1: serious scientific endeavors like the search for exoplanets and the

13:32 Speaker 1: study of potential microbial life on Mars keep our eyes

13:35 Speaker 1: glued to telescopes and space missions. Robert Smith, a space

13:39 Speaker 1: historian at the University of Alberta, encapsulates this enduring fascination well.

13:43 Speaker 1: He argues that aliens serve as a mirror reflecting our

13:46 Speaker 1: own fears, hopes, and curiosities about humanity. By studying how

13:50 Speaker 1: we conceptualize extraterrestrial life, we gain insight into our perspectives

13:55 Speaker 1: on existence, power, and what it means to be human. Yes,

13:58 Speaker 1: aliens have staked a permit claim on our imaginations, conquering

14:02 Speaker 1: every form of media and igniting an enduring debate both

14:05 Speaker 1: in academia and around dinner tables. This relentless curiosity is

14:09 Speaker 1: perhaps best summarized by Arthur C. Clarke's famous quote, two

14:13 Speaker 1: possibilities exist. Either we are alone in the universe or

14:17 Speaker 1: we are not. Both are equally terrifying. So as we

14:20 Speaker 1: gaze at the stars and dream of life beyond Earth,

14:23 Speaker 1: let's appreciate how this quest both mirrors and molds are civilization.

14:28 Speaker 1: Whether through science, philosophy, or popular culture, the search for

14:32 Speaker 1: extraterrestrial life continues to challenge and inspire us, driving us

14:36 Speaker 1: to look deeper into the unknown and perhaps find a

14:39 Speaker 1: bit more about ourselves along the way. Next up groundbreaking

14:43 Speaker 1: new technology. The universe is ever changing, a grand cosmic

14:47 Speaker 1: dance occurring on a timeline vastly different from our own.

14:50 Speaker 1: Yet with every advancement in technology, we're bridging the gap

14:53 Speaker 1: and gaining a clearer picture of these celestial transformations. One

14:57 Speaker 1: groundbreaking tool set to revolutionize our unders standing is NASA's

15:01 Speaker 1: upcoming Roman Space Telescope, set to launch in twenty twenty seven.

15:04 Speaker 1: The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is named in honor

15:07 Speaker 1: of Nancy Grace Roman, often hailed as the mother of Hubble.

15:11 Speaker 1: This state of the art telescope aims to uncover the

15:13 Speaker 1: secrets of galactic formation history and explore the mysterious substance

15:17 Speaker 1: known as dark matter. It's equipped with infrared sensors and

15:20 Speaker 1: a wide field of view that surpass its predecessors, making

15:23 Speaker 1: it uniquely capable of capturing the dynamic nature of the universe.

15:28 Speaker 1: A key component of the Roman Space Telescope's mission is

15:30 Speaker 1: the RINGS Survey, short for Roman Infrared Nearby Galaxy Survey.

15:35 Speaker 1: This survey will focus on uncovering fossils of galaxy formation,

15:39 Speaker 1: much like fossils on Earth help us understand ancient life.

15:42 Speaker 1: These stellar structures reveal the history and evolution of galaxies.

15:47 Speaker 1: These cosmic fossils include groups of ancient stars that hold

15:50 Speaker 1: clues to the galaxies past, such as the merger events

15:53 Speaker 1: that shaped them and the chemistry of the galaxy at

15:56 Speaker 1: the time of their formation. Robin Sanderson, the DEBT principal

16:00 Speaker 1: investigator of rings from the University of Pennsylvania, describes this

16:04 Speaker 1: process as piecing together an ancient puzzle. It's like going

16:08 Speaker 1: through an excavation, she says, and trying to sort out

16:10 Speaker 1: bones and put them back together. Roman's high resolution imaging

16:14 Speaker 1: will make it possible to identify these galactic fossils, including long,

16:18 Speaker 1: tidle tales and stellar streams, giving us a window into

16:21 Speaker 1: the galaxy's merger history. But the Roman Space Telescope's contributions

16:25 Speaker 1: don't stop there. It aims to probe one of the

16:28 Speaker 1: most enigmatic substances in the universe. Dark matter. This elusive

16:32 Speaker 1: material makes up about eighty percent of the Universe's mass,

16:36 Speaker 1: yet it's invisible and largely unobservable. By focusing on ultra

16:40 Speaker 1: faint dwarf galaxies, which are almost entirely composed of dark

16:43 Speaker 1: matter with very little normal matter for star formation. ROMAN

16:47 Speaker 1: will help test various theories about the nature of this

16:50 Speaker 1: mysterious substance. Raja Guhathakurda from the University of California, Santa

16:56 Speaker 1: Cruz points out that ultra faint dwarf galaxies are like

16:59 Speaker 1: pure blobs of dark matter and can serve as excellent

17:03 Speaker 1: laboratories for study. By observing these galaxies in detail, ROMAN

17:07 Speaker 1: will provide invaluable data that brings us closer to understanding

17:10 Speaker 1: dark matter's true nature. Additionally, the Roman Space Telescope could

17:14 Speaker 1: expand the scope of our galactic studies. While the Milky

17:18 Speaker 1: Way and Andromeda are currently the only galactic halos we

17:21 Speaker 1: can study in detail, Roman's expansive field of view will

17:24 Speaker 1: allow astronomers to examine over one hundred fully resolved galactic halos.

17:29 Speaker 1: This leap in observational capability means more data, more insights,

17:33 Speaker 1: and ultimately a more detailed understanding of galaxy formation and

17:36 Speaker 1: dark matter. With its high resolution imaging and wide field

17:40 Speaker 1: of view, the Roman Space Telescope promises to fill in

17:43 Speaker 1: the gaps left by its predecessors. It will allow scientists

17:47 Speaker 1: to not only observe galaxies as dynamic, evolving entities, but

17:51 Speaker 1: also understand the intricate processes that govern their formation and evolution.

17:57 Speaker 1: When the Roman Space Telescope launches to fundamentally alter our

18:01 Speaker 1: understanding of the universe and our place within it. By

18:05 Speaker 1: studying galaxies similar in size and age to the Milky Way,

18:09 Speaker 1: Roman will offer new perspectives on how our own galaxy,

18:12 Speaker 1: and by extension, our own Solar system and planet came

18:15 Speaker 1: to be. So set your sits on twenty twenty seven,

18:19 Speaker 1: when the Roman Space Telescope embarks on its mission to

18:22 Speaker 1: capture the universe in ways we've never seen before. It's

18:25 Speaker 1: not just about looking at the stars, It's about peering

18:28 Speaker 1: into the past to understand the future. The Roman Space

18:31 Speaker 1: Telescope will help us decode the grand story written across

18:34 Speaker 1: the Cosmos, one galaxy at a time. That's all For

18:38 Speaker 1: this episode of Astronomy Daily. We took a journey through

18:41 Speaker 1: the upcoming annular solar eclipse on October second, explored the

18:45 Speaker 1: Boeing Starliner Calypso's recent undocking and future crew rotations, and

18:50 Speaker 1: pondered the mysterious two hundred and sixty eight day mission

18:53 Speaker 1: of China's space plane. We also examined our enduring fascination

18:57 Speaker 1: with aliens and looked forward to the groundbreaking research set

19:00 Speaker 1: to be conducted by NASA's Roman Space Telescope. I've been

19:04 Speaker 1: your host, Anna, and I hope you enjoyed this episode

19:06 Speaker 1: as much as I did. Be sure to visit our

19:08 Speaker 1: website at Astronomy Daily dot io, where you can sign

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