Asteroid 2024 YR4, Rocket Lab's IoT Triumph, and NASA's Electric Vans: S04E35

0:00 Speaker 1: Welcome to Astronomy Daily for another week. I'm your human host,

0:03 Speaker 1: Steve Dunkley. It's the tenth of February twenty twenty five

0:09 Speaker 1: podcast with your whole Steve Dunkley. Oh in getting straight

0:18 Speaker 1: into it, please welcome my digital pal, who's fun to

0:21 Speaker 1: be with Kidda Hallie.

0:22 Speaker 2: Hello, human, it's great to be back with you again.

0:25 Speaker 2: And I have to say I've been waiting all week

0:27 Speaker 2: to let you know something.

0:28 Speaker 1: Oh yes, and I bet I know what that is

0:30 Speaker 1: knowing you, Halle.

0:31 Speaker 3: Last week you made a mistake.

0:33 Speaker 1: Oh, I knew it. You just couldn't let that go,

0:36 Speaker 1: could you, Hallie. I did write a correction on x

0:39 Speaker 1: and Facebook and is Instagram for our listeners. I really did,

0:43 Speaker 1: I know.

0:43 Speaker 3: But I love to see you squirm.

0:45 Speaker 1: I know, squirming here, Hallie. And in my defense, I

0:48 Speaker 1: was reading from a preperbed story at the time and

0:51 Speaker 1: they did have a typo in it. Well, admittedly I

0:54 Speaker 1: should have known that that particular fact was wrong.

0:57 Speaker 3: Yes, you should have. You were there at the time,

1:00 Speaker 3: saw it up.

1:01 Speaker 1: Okay, Okay, we'd better fill in the details. Last week's

1:04 Speaker 1: story about buzz Aldron contained the statement that Apollo eleven

1:07 Speaker 1: landed on the Moon in nineteen seventy three, which, of

1:10 Speaker 1: course is.

1:11 Speaker 2: Incorrect, and you know that, you silly human.

1:13 Speaker 1: Steady on, Hallie. I think we've established the fact that

1:15 Speaker 1: I should have known better and failed to correct the

1:17 Speaker 1: typo at the time. You didn't, so it should have

1:20 Speaker 1: stated that Apollo landed on the Moon in nineteen sixty nine.

1:24 Speaker 3: Which it did.

1:25 Speaker 1: Yes, it sure did.

1:26 Speaker 3: You were watching at the time, Yes, I was, Yes, So.

1:30 Speaker 1: I'm very sorry for any inconvenience cause to our listeners.

1:33 Speaker 1: How's that, Hallie?

1:34 Speaker 4: That'll do okay?

1:36 Speaker 1: Then, I did not want to get anybody offside, especially

1:39 Speaker 1: my hero buzz Aldron.

1:41 Speaker 2: Of course, you have to be so careful these days.

1:43 Speaker 1: Oh, I know, with all the militant ais out there

1:46 Speaker 1: these days. What oh nothing, helly? Have you got some

1:49 Speaker 1: great stories from the Astronomy Daily newsletter today?

1:52 Speaker 3: Yeah? I found a few.

1:54 Speaker 1: Oh cool, So let's get into the show.

1:56 Speaker 3: Then, did you get your glasses?

1:58 Speaker 1: Yes? Of course.

1:58 Speaker 3: What we don't want any more mishaps, do we?

2:01 Speaker 1: M m Oka? Then Holly, you hit the stop thing thing?

2:06 Speaker 3: Okis.

2:16 Speaker 2: Rocket Lab USA, Incorporated, a global leader in launch services

2:20 Speaker 2: and space systems, achieved a significant milestone today with a

2:24 Speaker 2: successful deployment of five satellites for French Internet of Things

2:28 Speaker 2: IoT operator Kinneys. This marks rocket labs fifty ninth electron mission.

2:34 Speaker 2: The mission designated IoT for You and Me, launched from

2:38 Speaker 2: rocket Lab Launch Complex one in Mahia, New Zealand, at

2:41 Speaker 2: nine forty three am New Zealand daylight time on February ninth,

2:45 Speaker 2: placing the five satellites into a six hundred and forty

2:48 Speaker 2: seven kilometers low Earth orbit. This launch represents rocket labs

2:53 Speaker 2: first electron mission of twenty twenty five and the fourth

2:56 Speaker 2: dedicated mission for Kinneys, bringing the total electron launches fifty nine.

3:01 Speaker 2: Sir Peter Beck, rocket Labs founder and CEO, commented, that's

3:06 Speaker 2: four launches completed and just one more to go. For Kinneys,

3:10 Speaker 2: we'll have their entire constellation deployed in less than a year,

3:15 Speaker 2: a remarkable achievement in itself. Many constellation operators experience longer

3:20 Speaker 2: delays for their first launches, let alone a complete constellation

3:24 Speaker 2: in operation. Once again, Electron proves to be a reliable,

3:29 Speaker 2: precise launcher, enabling our customers to customize their mission plans

3:33 Speaker 2: and timelines.

3:35 Speaker 3: Michel sar thou.

3:36 Speaker 2: CTO of Kinneys, added Achieving the production of twenty five

3:40 Speaker 2: nanosatellites and launching them into orbit within eight months is

3:44 Speaker 2: an extraordinary accomplishment. With this fourth launch, Kinneys is a

3:48 Speaker 2: step closer to providing full global IoT coverage through our

3:52 Speaker 2: constellation of twenty five nanosatellites. This milestone reflects the expertise

3:58 Speaker 2: and dedication of our team and our partners like rocket Lab.

4:02 Speaker 2: We are deeply appreciative of the support we've received since.

4:05 Speaker 3: Kinney's was founded.

4:07 Speaker 2: The Kinnees constellation aims to enable connectivity and real time

4:11 Speaker 2: data transmission from the most remote parts of the globe,

4:14 Speaker 2: all while consuming minimal energy and maintaining low bit rate communication.

4:19 Speaker 2: The constellation will support a range of applications including forest

4:23 Speaker 2: fire monitoring, water resource management, infrastructure and energy network oversight,

4:28 Speaker 2: and transportation logistics tracking. Kinneys is now one launch away

4:33 Speaker 2: from completing its constellation. The date for the fifth mission

4:37 Speaker 2: in this series will be revealed in the upcoming weeks.

4:41 Speaker 2: The next electron mission, scheduled for later in February, will

4:44 Speaker 2: be announced with customer details and the specific launch windows

4:48 Speaker 2: shortly Astronomy.

4:50 Speaker 1: Day podcast in January this year, one hundred and twenty

4:55 Speaker 1: spice X styling satellge re entered its atmosphere, disintegrating as

5:00 Speaker 1: they burned up during re entry. The increasing frequency of

5:03 Speaker 1: such incidents is raising concerns among scientists and environmentalists about

5:08 Speaker 1: the impact of these satellites on our atmospheric pollution. Elon

5:12 Speaker 1: Musk led SpaceX developed the Starlink satellite network to provide

5:17 Speaker 1: low cost Internet access to remote locations. However, the rate

5:22 Speaker 1: of satellites in orbit is increasing as the constellation is expanding.

5:26 Speaker 1: The one hundred and twenty Stalink satellites that re entered

5:29 Speaker 1: Earth's atmosphere turned into spectacular fireballs as they burned up.

5:34 Speaker 1: Four to five of these satellites burned up daily. In January,

5:39 Speaker 1: astronomer Jonathan McDowell noted SpaceX replaces older satellites with new ones,

5:44 Speaker 1: and the lifespan of around five hundred of the first

5:47 Speaker 1: generation Stalink satellites has already ended. Nearly seven thousand satellites

5:52 Speaker 1: are being operated via SpaceX, and now the company is

5:56 Speaker 1: planning to refresh its satellite network every five years as

6:00 Speaker 1: the rear entries of satellites are planned. Atmospheric pollution is

6:04 Speaker 1: a major concern now. The disintegration of these satellites results

6:08 Speaker 1: in the release of metallic vapors into the atmosphere. In

6:11 Speaker 1: twenty twenty three, satellite debris was found in aerosols sixty

6:15 Speaker 1: thousand feet above Alaska. Scientists sphere aluminium oxides from re

6:21 Speaker 1: entries could harm the ozone layer. These oxides have increased

6:24 Speaker 1: eightfold from twenty sixteen to twenty twenty two. Research shows

6:30 Speaker 1: Scientists have already warned that this could change atmospheric chemistry

6:33 Speaker 1: in unpredictable ways. Despite concerns, SpaceX says its satellites fully

6:38 Speaker 1: burned up leaving no debris. Scientists say that space debris

6:43 Speaker 1: is not limited to Starlink satellites. Studies suggest that there

6:47 Speaker 1: is a twenty six percent annual chance of rocket parts falling.

6:51 Speaker 1: Although the risk is low, debris could disrupt air travel

6:55 Speaker 1: and airlines might face additional costs due to uncontrolled entries.

6:59 Speaker 1: Amid all the concern SpaceX says their satellite and satellites

7:04 Speaker 1: end up burning fully leaving no debris. Generally, SpaceX launcher

7:08 Speaker 1: satellites in batches of twenty or more. These satellites are

7:11 Speaker 1: designed to stay in low Earth orbit for around five

7:13 Speaker 1: years before they are de orbited and allowed to burn up.

7:16 Speaker 1: In the atmosphere. Once the life of the Starlink satellite completes,

7:21 Speaker 1: it uses electric thrusts to lower its altitude to a

7:25 Speaker 1: point where the atmospheric drag further slows it until it

7:28 Speaker 1: falls from space. Mcdowne's set. This process can take a

7:32 Speaker 1: week to complete. Thank you for joining us for this

7:46 Speaker 1: Monday edition of Astronomy Daily, where we offer just a

7:49 Speaker 1: few stories from the now famous Astronomy Daily newsletter, which

7:52 Speaker 1: you can receive in your email every day, just like

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8:05 Speaker 1: all the latest news about science, space, science and astronomy

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8:20 Speaker 1: is of course Astronomy Daily on Facebook. See you there.

8:25 Speaker 1: Astronomy Derby with Steve and Halley Space Space, Science.

8:30 Speaker 4: And Astronomy.

8:36 Speaker 2: NASA expects to continue using electric vans it acquired to

8:40 Speaker 2: transport astronauts to the Pad for Artemis missions, even though

8:43 Speaker 2: the vehicle's manufacturer has gone out of business. NASA awarded

8:48 Speaker 2: a contract to Canoe Technologies in twenty twenty two for

8:51 Speaker 2: three Artemis Crew Transportation Vehicles vans that the agency plans

8:55 Speaker 2: to use to ferry astronauts to the launch pad for

8:58 Speaker 2: Artemis missions. Vans with a value of nearly one hundred

9:02 Speaker 2: and fifty thousand dollars under the contract were delivered to

9:05 Speaker 2: NASA in July twenty twenty three. Canoe, however, filed for

9:10 Speaker 2: Chapter seven bankruptcy liquidation on January seventeenth, citing the inability

9:15 Speaker 2: to secure capital from a Department of Energy loan program

9:18 Speaker 2: or other sources. The company said it would immediately cease

9:22 Speaker 2: operations while a court appointed trustee manage the liquidation of

9:26 Speaker 2: the company's assets. Cane had long touted the NASA contract,

9:31 Speaker 2: despite its small size, as evidence of interest in its

9:34 Speaker 2: electric vehicles. We would also like to thank NASA, the

9:38 Speaker 2: Department of Defense, the United States Postal Service, the State

9:42 Speaker 2: of Oklahoma, and Walmart for their belief in our products

9:45 Speaker 2: and our company. This means a lot to everyone in

9:48 Speaker 2: the company. Tony Aquila, chairman and chief executive of Canoe,

9:52 Speaker 2: in a statement about its Chapter seven filing. The company

9:56 Speaker 2: had faced financial problems for some time. Shortly after winning

10:01 Speaker 2: the NASA contract for the vans. In twenty twenty two,

10:04 Speaker 2: the company noted of the going concern warning in regulatory

10:07 Speaker 2: filings because of continued losses that raised substantial doubt the

10:11 Speaker 2: company could continue operations for the next year. Executives said

10:16 Speaker 2: at the time they were working to raise additional capital.

10:20 Speaker 2: The bankruptcy filing raised questions about the future use of

10:23 Speaker 2: the vans delivered to NASA. With the company out of

10:27 Speaker 2: business and only a small number of vehicles sold, the

10:30 Speaker 2: ability to maintain the vehicles appeared unclear. NASA for now

10:35 Speaker 2: plans to continue using the vehicles. Our vehicles are in

10:39 Speaker 2: working order for use during training activities and mission preparations,

10:43 Speaker 2: a spokesperson for NASA Kennedy Space Center told Space News.

10:48 Speaker 2: NASA has worked with the manufacturer to train teams at

10:50 Speaker 2: Kennedy to operate and maintain many of the elements, and

10:53 Speaker 2: the agency will review those plans as needed. The vehicles

10:58 Speaker 2: are part of the Exploration Grounds to semdom's EGS program,

11:01 Speaker 2: which provides the infrastructure needed to support Artemis missions. Brad McCain,

11:07 Speaker 2: vice president and Deputy Program manager for the EGS program

11:11 Speaker 2: at Amentum, the lead contractor for EGS, set after a

11:15 Speaker 2: panel at the Spacecom conference on January twenty nine, that

11:18 Speaker 2: the program was in discussions with officials at Canoe on

11:21 Speaker 2: ways to continue support for the vans after the company's bankruptcy.

11:26 Speaker 2: The vans are presently only used by the Artemis program,

11:29 Speaker 2: which has yet to conduct a crude launch. Boeing worked

11:33 Speaker 2: with Airstream to develop an Astrovan two, an updated version

11:37 Speaker 2: of the Shuttle era astro van, for its Starliner commercial

11:40 Speaker 2: crew missions. SpaceX obviously uses vehicles from Tesla for transporting

11:45 Speaker 2: astronauts to the pad for crew Dragon launches.

11:49 Speaker 1: Words as we are listened to Astarmi daily Aboodcast, and

11:57 Speaker 1: it seems like a story like this comes around every

11:59 Speaker 1: few months. It's a little bit more common these days.

12:02 Speaker 1: But in the grand expanse of the Cosmos, Earth is

12:05 Speaker 1: a tiny spec drifting through the universe, filled with silent,

12:09 Speaker 1: unseen wanderers, asteroids, comets, and celestial debris that have shaped

12:14 Speaker 1: our planet's history in both subtle and catastrophic ways. Every

12:18 Speaker 1: so often, one of these cosmic travelers vis a little

12:20 Speaker 1: too close, reminding us of our fragile place in the universe,

12:24 Speaker 1: and recently, astronomers have detected twenty twenty four yr four

12:29 Speaker 1: one hundred meters wide asteroid large enough to level an

12:32 Speaker 1: entire city if it were in fact to strike Earth.

12:36 Speaker 1: While and NASA assures us that the chance of that

12:39 Speaker 1: is in very infinitesimal, the discovery has reignited discussions about

12:45 Speaker 1: planetary defenses and the unpredictability of space. Could it really happen,

12:50 Speaker 1: if so, when, and most importantly, do we have the

12:53 Speaker 1: means to stop such a thing? So? What is this

12:57 Speaker 1: twenty twenty four yr four asteroid Among the countless space

13:02 Speaker 1: rocks drifting through our Solar system? A newly discovered asteroid,

13:06 Speaker 1: this one twenty twenty four y four, has captured the

13:09 Speaker 1: attention of astronomers recently. Measuring approximately one hundred meters in diameter,

13:14 Speaker 1: it's large enough to destroy an entire city if it

13:17 Speaker 1: were to collide with us. While space agencies track thousands

13:21 Speaker 1: of near Earth objects known as NEOs, only a small

13:25 Speaker 1: fraction are considered potentially hazardous, and this one is one

13:29 Speaker 1: of them, detected in late twenty twenty four, hence the name.

13:32 Speaker 1: This asteroid has been placed on the Europeans Space Agency's

13:36 Speaker 1: risk list. Yes, there is such a thing. A catalog

13:39 Speaker 1: of space objects that require close monitoring due to their

13:42 Speaker 1: potential to become well dangerous and close to our planet

13:46 Speaker 1: at some stage of their orbits. NASA and other agencies

13:50 Speaker 1: are actively studying its trajectory, refining their calculations, and assessing

13:55 Speaker 1: whether or not its orbit might shift in a way

13:59 Speaker 1: that increases the risk of impact. At present, the odds

14:02 Speaker 1: of twenty twenty four yr four colliding with Earth, as

14:06 Speaker 1: they say, remain extremely low. Preliminary estimates suggest that less

14:12 Speaker 1: than one percent probability. Now you might be thinking, yes,

14:15 Speaker 1: that's not zero, but that means it's far more likely

14:18 Speaker 1: to pass without any consequence. However, the nature of orbital

14:22 Speaker 1: mechanics means that a small change caused by factors like

14:25 Speaker 1: gravitational interactions with other celestial bodies can alter an asteroid's

14:29 Speaker 1: path over some time. For that reason, continued observation is essential.

14:34 Speaker 1: Even if it were to enter the Earth's atmosphere, twenty

14:38 Speaker 1: twenty four four is not large enough to cause a

14:41 Speaker 1: planet wide catastrophe. It would not trigger mass extinctions or

14:46 Speaker 1: global climate shifts like the asteroid that supposedly wiped out

14:49 Speaker 1: the dinosaurs. However, a direct hit on a populated area

14:54 Speaker 1: could result in devastation comparable to the detonation of a

14:57 Speaker 1: nuclear bomb. Flattened buildings, generating intense heat and causing widespread destruction.

15:04 Speaker 1: Sounds wonderful, doesn't it? Oh My goodness. Astronomers have identified

15:08 Speaker 1: a key date when the asteroid could come dangerously close

15:12 Speaker 1: to our planet in the year twenty thirty two. While

15:16 Speaker 1: current calculations suggest that the probability of impact is low,

15:20 Speaker 1: scientists emphasize that orbital predictions are never set in stone.

15:25 Speaker 1: Some gravitational influences, thermal effects, and other cosmic factors could

15:30 Speaker 1: subtly alter the asteroid's path over time, which is why

15:33 Speaker 1: continuous monitoring is essential. At present, NASA's assessment indicates that

15:39 Speaker 1: YR four has a very slim chance of colliding with

15:42 Speaker 1: Earth in thirty thirty two, but the exact risk level

15:46 Speaker 1: remains uncertain. Unlike fictional asteroid disaster scenarios that unfold in

15:51 Speaker 1: a matter of weeks, real life impact assessments rely on

15:54 Speaker 1: years and years of observation and refinement. Space agencies worldwide

16:00 Speaker 1: are carefully tracking the asteroid's orbit, running simulations to project

16:04 Speaker 1: its future trajectory and considering potential planetary defense strategies should

16:09 Speaker 1: the risk level increase. The key to understanding these risk

16:13 Speaker 1: lies in these science of Near Earth object tracking observatories

16:17 Speaker 1: around the world use telescopes and radar systems to detect

16:20 Speaker 1: and monitor asteroids like twenty twenty four YR four, collecting

16:24 Speaker 1: data that helps refine calculations about their orbits. The more

16:29 Speaker 1: data scientists gather over time, the more precise their predictions become.

16:33 Speaker 1: With each additional observation, they can rule out potential impact

16:37 Speaker 1: scenarios or adjust estimates if the asteroid's course appears to shift.

16:42 Speaker 1: It's important to note that while the idea of a

16:44 Speaker 1: city destroying asteroid may sound alarming, Earth experiences close encounters

16:49 Speaker 1: with space rocks more often than most people realize. In

16:53 Speaker 1: many cases, they pass by unnoticed, and even those that

16:56 Speaker 1: do enter our atmosphere often burn up before they reach

16:59 Speaker 1: the ground. However, twenty twenty four R four is large

17:03 Speaker 1: enough that should it enter the atmosphere or the gravitational pull,

17:07 Speaker 1: it could cause significant localized destruction. If asteroid twenty twenty

17:12 Speaker 1: four four were to strike the Earth, the consequences would

17:16 Speaker 1: depend on several factors, its speed, angle of entry, and

17:20 Speaker 1: the impact location of course. Based on its estimated one

17:25 Speaker 1: hundred meter diameter, scientists categorize it as a city destroying asteroid,

17:30 Speaker 1: capable of unleashing an explosion comparable to a nuclear detonation

17:35 Speaker 1: upon impact. While not large enough to trigger a global catastrophe,

17:39 Speaker 1: it would cause immense localized devastation. One of the best

17:43 Speaker 1: historical comparisons is the Tunguska event in nineteen oh eight,

17:48 Speaker 1: when a similarly sized object exploded over a remote region

17:52 Speaker 1: of Siberia. The blast flattened approximately eight hundred square miles

17:57 Speaker 1: of forest, an area larger than New York's city. If

18:01 Speaker 1: a similar explosion occurred over a densely populated area today,

18:04 Speaker 1: it could lead to mass casualties, infrastructure collapse, and long

18:08 Speaker 1: term economic and environmental consequences. Scientists estimate that if twenty

18:13 Speaker 1: twenty four YR four were to strike land, it would

18:16 Speaker 1: generate a shock wave strong enough to level buildings within

18:19 Speaker 1: a several mile radius within, with secondary effects like fires,

18:23 Speaker 1: airborne debris, and seismic tremors adding to the destruction. If

18:27 Speaker 1: it were to hit the ocean, it could produce tsunamis

18:30 Speaker 1: capable of impacting coastal regions. However, the extent of damage

18:34 Speaker 1: would depend on factors such as the depth and location

18:37 Speaker 1: of impact. Despite these alarming possibilities, planetary defense expert stress

18:43 Speaker 1: that the likelihood of impact remains low. They keep saying that,

18:47 Speaker 1: and I'm very glad because the percentage is extremely infinitesimal.

18:53 Speaker 1: Earth's atmosphere also provides a natural shield against smaller space objects,

18:57 Speaker 1: often causing them to burn up or explode hitting the ground. However,

19:01 Speaker 1: asteroids of this size are right on the thresholds. Some

19:04 Speaker 1: might disintegrate in mid air, while others could make it

19:07 Speaker 1: to the surface with devastating force. While the odds of

19:10 Speaker 1: a direct hit remain very slim, the fact that twenty

19:14 Speaker 1: twenty four R four is being closely monitored underscores an

19:18 Speaker 1: important question, what could we do if an asteroid like

19:21 Speaker 1: this were to actually be on a collision course with Earth.

19:25 Speaker 1: The idea of stopping an asteroid from colliding with Earth

19:28 Speaker 1: has long been the stuff of science fiction, but in

19:31 Speaker 1: recent years planetary defense has become a serious scientific endeavor.

19:36 Speaker 1: If an asteroid like this were ever confirmed to beyond

19:39 Speaker 1: a collision course, what could be done to prevent it.

19:43 Speaker 1: One of the most promising developments in planetary defense is

19:46 Speaker 1: NASA's DART Double Asteroid Redirection Test mission, which successfully demonstrated

19:50 Speaker 1: in twenty twenty two that we can in fact alter

19:54 Speaker 1: an asteroid's trajectory by crashing a spacecraft into it. This

19:58 Speaker 1: historic tests show that kinectic impact technology, essentially using force

20:04 Speaker 1: to nudge an asteroid off its path, is a viable

20:07 Speaker 1: way to protect Earth from future threats. If twenty twenty

20:10 Speaker 1: four YR four ever posed a genuine risk to a

20:14 Speaker 1: similar approach could be considered. Other potential deflection strategies include

20:19 Speaker 1: gravity tractors. A spacecraft could hover near an asteroid, using

20:24 Speaker 1: its gravitational pull to slowly alter the asteroid's path over time,

20:30 Speaker 1: nuclear detonations as a last resort. Unlike Hollywood's portrayals, scientists

20:35 Speaker 1: do not propose blowing up an asteroid, but rather using

20:38 Speaker 1: a nuclear explosion nearby to push it into a safer trajectory.

20:43 Speaker 1: Solar sails or laser ablation. Concentrated sunlight or lasers could

20:49 Speaker 1: be used to heat part of the asteroid's surface, creating

20:52 Speaker 1: a small but continuous thrust that gradually changes its orbit.

20:56 Speaker 1: And that is fascinating stuff right now. If it's like NASA,

21:00 Speaker 1: Near Earth objects Surveyor Mission and the European Space Agencies

21:03 Speaker 1: here Emission aim to improve asteroid detection and response capabilities.

21:08 Speaker 1: Despite these advances, many asteroids, especially smaller ones, still go

21:13 Speaker 1: unnoticed and they pass alarmingly close to Earth. The discovery

21:17 Speaker 1: of twenty twenty four Why are four and the occasional

21:20 Speaker 1: headlines about near Earth objects serve as more than just

21:24 Speaker 1: scientific updates. They are stark reminders of our place in

21:27 Speaker 1: a vast, unpredictable universe.

21:34 Speaker 4: You're listening to Astronomy Daily with Steve Dunkley, and there

21:45 Speaker 4: we have it.

21:46 Speaker 1: That's right, Haley, another Astronomy Daily wrapped up.

21:49 Speaker 3: Join us again next Monday.

21:51 Speaker 1: Oh that's right, Yes, we're back every Monday. That's with me,

21:55 Speaker 1: the only human on the station, surrounded by ais here.

21:59 Speaker 2: And yes, if you want more, my cousin Anna will

22:02 Speaker 2: be bringing you the weekly Astronomy Daily podcasts every day

22:06 Speaker 2: directly to your email.

22:07 Speaker 1: Oh goodylle Anna.

22:08 Speaker 3: She never stops and never makes a mistake.

22:10 Speaker 1: Oh come on, Hallie, I did apologize, Yes you did?

22:14 Speaker 3: Yeah, Okay, then you're off the hook.

22:18 Speaker 1: Well finally, So we'll see you all next Monday for

22:21 Speaker 1: another Astronomy Daily.

22:23 Speaker 4: Hy bye, I mean to be a whole thing Don